Grinding for Exotic Engrams can be annoying sometimes and it might even require progressing through the actual game. There's a way around that in Destiny: The Taken King and all it takes is one item from Xur and your Guardian's death.
Head over to Xur and buy a new item called the 'Three of Coins' from him. This item will increase the chances of you receiving exotic loot when you kill an Ultra enemy – the guys with specific names, skull icons, and yellow health bars.
Once you have the Three of Coins go find yourself an Ultra to kill. Battle the Ultra until they are nearly dead, but don't kill them! When their health is low enough equip a rocket launcher and shoot close range. The goal is to kill the Ultra and yourself.
When you respawn and return to the Ultra's location your loot will be there, the Ultra will be respawned and you can do it all over again – until Bungie lowers the drop rate. Which they are planning to do according to Bungie’s David “DeeJ” Dague on Reddit:
“I was just conferring with the Design Team about how Three of Coins is performing in the wild. It is their assessment, and yours as well, given the context of the dialogue here, that the drop rates are too damn high. For now, this will play in your favor…
You earned those coins. Have fun spending them. The Nine may be delighted that you’re blowing them all now.
As always, thanks for being an outstanding source of feedback and awareness. We like you just fine.”